Paying tribute to the new Chinese emperors
Posted by ampontan on Saturday, June 30, 2007
ON THE RIGHT SIDEBAR there’s a quote from author Michael Crichton: “We need to start seeing the media as a bearded nut on the sidewalk.” He’s not just speaking metaphorically—some people really do fit that description. One of them is the London-based independent journalist, Gwynne Dyer.
Well, perhaps I exaggerate. He’s more likely sitting in an office somewhere rather than pounding the pavement and haranguing innocent pedestrians. But as you can see from the photo on his website, he is bearded, and as you can read from this article on Chinese pollution, he has some nutty ideas, too.

His sermonette was inspired by China’s emergence as the world’s leading emitter of carbon dioxide. The primary reason for all the Chinese hot air is the use of coal-fired power plants, which accounts for about 70% of the country’s energy consumption.
It’s already causing serious problems in the region; in a previous post, I noted how Beijing’s air was among the filthiest in the world, and how Chinese air pollution is causing air pollution alerts in Japan.
The normal response would be to get the planet’s largest country to shoulder some responsibility and act like an adult. But Dyer has a completely different approach to this problem:
..if China imposes the same kind of curbs on its emissions (as Western countries), then it will not become a country where most people are prosperous and secure in this generation, or perhaps ever. The same goes for India and all the other once-poor countries that are now experiencing very rapid economic growth. So the deal must be that they get to keep on growing fast, and the rich countries take the strain.
Now that’s nutzpah: the developed world should allow the Chinese to continue to use the planet as its toilet because otherwise they won’t get gloriously rich—perhaps ever!–and hold its nose while serving as China’s Permanent Latrine Orderly.
Dyer further beclowns himself by offering two “main ways” for achieving this:
One is (for the developed nations) to cut their own emissions very deeply, leaving some room for the developing countries to expand theirs. The other way is to pay directly for cuts in the emissions of the developing countries: pay them to adopt clean-burning coal technologies, pay them to build renewable energy sources, pay them not to cut the rain-forests down. Pay them quite a lot, in fact, because otherwise we all suffer.
In other words, the developed nations must forego their own prosperity for the sake of Chinese affluence by literally paying tribute to the new emperors and letting them behave even more irresponsibly.
Would anyone care to speculate on the shape of the New World Order after that mission has been accomplished?
The author seems to be suggesting the West should run a screwy protection racket in reverse. Instead of hoodlums leaning on a shopkeeper for money with the threat of trouble if he doesn’t cough up the cash, the local police are supposed to seek out the neighborhood delinquent and hand him their wallets for not breaking the law.
One would think that a man whose column is published in 175 newspapers in 45 countries (according to his website) would have done some basic research. That no longer seems to be a prerequisite for taking up space in the mainstream media, however.
For starters, Dyer seems to be unaware that 30% of Japanese ODA to China is already earmarked for environmental projects. The academic sector is involved as well. Next April, Kyushu University will open a research institute expressly to train Asian technicians in clean ways of utilizing coal energy.
Dyer thinks his is a simple plan:
The (industrialized countries) can easily afford to, because they are already rich and bound to remain so.
They’re not bound to remain rich by having their wealth redistributed to China. And no, Dyer’s website contains no suggestion that he ever studied economics.
Of course, this would allow the Chinese to divert the money they should be spending on environmental measures somewhere else. Where else?
China is now lavishing funds on its Navy, long a neglected arm of the military services. Since George W. Bush took office, China has been building up its fleet of amphibious assault ships and submarines, and last December launched its first in a new class of nuclear subs, years earlier than anticipated by U.S. intelligence.
In the first half of 2002, the attention of Western military specialists was drawn to two large-scale contracts concluded by China and Russia and aimed at PLA (People’s Liberation Army) Navy modernization:
1. Construction of two Sovremenny-class missile destroyers, for $1.4 billion;
2. Construction of eight upgraded Kilo-class diesel-electric submarines, for $1.6 billion.Indeed, $3 billion in six months is a huge sum of money. However, this represents only a part of the resources directed at PLA Navy (PLAN) modernization. In any case, the rate of PLAN modernization and construction is not inferior to similar rates of the PLA Air Force and air-defense network.
Instead of “paying them a lot” and indirectly subsidizing a military buildup that China is bound to use (or, at minimum, threaten to use) for malevolent purposes, a better idea would be to have the Chinese pay for it themselves. It’s not as if they need substantial naval forces. A Chinese refusal to use for clean energy resources the funds it’s already spending on unnecessary military upgrades would be a clear indication of the government’s intentions in the future.
That Dyer fails to consider this possibility is puzzling. His website states that he served in three navies and held an academic appointment at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst.
If we are to agree it behooves the rest of the world to help the Chinese with their pollution problem, a cleaner and better way would be to provide them with the know-how for building nuclear power plants instead of using coal, but that idea would really shiver Dyer’s timbers. A quarter of a century ago, he was shouting from the sidewalks to warn us that the end of the world was nigh because of the threat of nuclear holocaust.
We see how that turned out.
Since the point of the exercise is not the content of the program but the platform it provides, Dyer simply amended the text of his apocalyptic sermons to switch the focus from nuclear weapons to the environment. But he doesn’t consider Chinese air pollution, an example of which is shown in the accompanying photo, to be the big problem–he’s now a full-fledged member of the Church of Global Warming:
But climate change will affect the lives of ordinary Chinese people, and the government and the experts know it. One government study last year predicted a 37 percent fall in crop yields within the next 50 years if current trends persist. Since we may assume that climate change will be having comparable effects elsewhere and that even a rich China will be unable to make up the shortfall by importing food, that prediction implies mass starvation.
There is going to have to be a global agreement on curbing greenhouse-gas emissions within the next five to 10 years or the world faces runaway climate change, but countries like China and India must get special terms or their hopes of a prosperous future are doomed.
Doomed if we do and doomed if we don’t. At least it keeps Dyer gainfully employed.
It would be futile trying to convert the true believers–somewhat akin to trying to convert a Moslem to Judaism. But for those who you who aren’t in Dyer’s amen corner and wonder if we really do face “runaway climate change” and mass starvation, this article is for you. Don’t pass up to chance the follow all the links, particularly those in the underlying articles themselves.
bender said
This guy must have never heard of the issue of externalities. Frankly, the right to pollute doesn’t work because of externalities- we share one and only this planet earth, and there ain’t room for any “right to pollute” BS (oops).
giancarlo said
Sorry, too late for me. I’m already on Dyer’s side (well, at least partly). Coming from a poor country I can only but feel amazed at how you guys seem to be always closing the doors of development to our countries.
Yes, you want us to “work hard” to overcome poverty, but using “new clean technologies” that you want to sell us. And you tell us that “dirty old technologies” are bad for the world, so we should not use them anymore.
Remember why G.W.Bush doesn’t want to sign the Kyoto Protocol? “Because it will hurt American industries”. Happen to know why Japanese nuclear power plants projects need not an EIA? “Because it may endanger energy production.”
I do care for the world. I do. In fact, I did postgraduate studies in Environmental Engineering. But please, rich guys, don’t ask us to take “clean measures” if you are not willing to do the same.
Yes, we do live in the SAME planet.
PS: No, I’m NOT asking for you rich guys to pay our bills. I’m asking you to take the same hard measures to protect the environment. Want us to stop using coal plants? Sign the damn Kyoto Protocol!
ampontan said
“Want us to stop using coal plants? Sign the damn Kyoto Protocol!”
Don’t know what country you’re from, but this article is talking mostly about China and India.
Those countries are completely exempt from Kyoto. How is signing going to get China to stop using coal plants?
Everlasting said
This topic is extremely complex.
Dyer’s full article explains the situation in harsh but realistic terms. Modern industrialized countries will inevitably spend more and more on anti-pollution. They have the means, technology, resources to do so, and are at a developmental stage which allows this to occur without weighing down their domestic standards of living. Developing countries have no easy way out. They must increase domestic standards of living by increasing economic productivity and going through the dirty stages of industrialization. They cannot be condemned to backwardness. But they face a conundrum, at some point economic productivity creates negative externalities which retard or slow economic growth, and reduce standards of living. There is no easy solution, and certainly no country has historically figured a way to solve this problem while they are in the early stages of development.
As Dyer notes, for two hundred years Western nations have polluted the global environment with abandon. In the aftermath of WW2, Japan became heavily polluted in the 60s and 70s. Yet look at Japan today? Most of Tokyo’s rivers aren’t really potable, but its certainly much more pristine that it once was only a few decades ago. Only when these countries achieved the highest level of economic development did they begin to focus productively on environmental protection.
Our modern world is filled with countries of varying stages of wealth and development. This represents a fundamental change in the way development has occurred in the past, because the presence of advanced developmental states provides a new variable. In the past countries would grow and pollute with abandon. There were no external solutions that provided alternatives to this type of unheeded growth. Developing countries such as China can still grow, indeed they have a right to grow. But reality is harsh; again there is only one world. China and other such countries will have to learn to develop in a more sustainable method. Already 8 in 10 of the world’s most polluted cities are in China. The biggest winners in China’s development are the Chinese. The biggest losers are also the Chinese. But just as developing countries depend on foreign investment to spur domestic growth, so too will they depend on foreign help to spur domestic anti-pollution efforts. The reality is that new environmental technologies are expensive. They are developed and held by the richest countries. They will be spread through purchases by developing countries, and shared by developed ones.
Dyer’s language may be in terms that seem shocking, but what he suggests in his article is that modern countries spend capital to assist developing countries reign in the negative effects of their growth. This assertion is hardly removed from reality. This is already something many countries are doing because they see it as something they have a stake in. The United States, Japan, and many European States provide substantial foreign aid for the purposes of environmental protection. For almost a decade a substantial portion of Japanese ODA to China was to support environmental protection. When I went to Inner-Mongolia (to ride a horse on the steppes, a breathtaking experience), I saw a small forest labeled the Japanese-Friendship Green Project (or something extremely longwinded).
In China there is a nascent and fast growing environmental movement, increasingly populated by NGOs and individuals that are willing to risk their well-being for their beliefs. After two decades of unbridled growth, in a country where censorship is rampant, people are increasingly aware of the need to protect the environment. That awareness will only grow with time, and it will inevitably result in greater government spending on the problem.
However, linking the environmental debate to military spending is a dubious move. It is both connected and unconnected to the debate. Military spending will likely occur for its own separate reasons, unrelated to the environmental debate. Like all budgets, funding is finite. Spending more on one thing means spending less on another. China would have much to gain from increasing the transparency of its military budget and operations. It would dispel more distrust in doing so. It would also do good to focus more money on health, education, the environment, social welfare programs, and an unending list of other matters. Seeing the sheer poverty of the western regions makes one thing the government’s priorities are nonsensical. (After all, China wants to put a man on the moon when many children can’t even go to a museum and see a replica on the moon. Strange.)
But power is a means unto itself, as is prestige, and similarly having a modern military is simply a goal unto itself. Military expenditure seems tied to economic stature. Countries that go through modernization accordingly spend more and more of their budget on their military. As China’s economy grows, a natural outgrowth will be increased military spending. By stating that the reason for China’s military spending is an overriding “malevolent purpose” you have already tossed out such motivations, which still hold even if China were magically America’s greatest ally. It would be far more reasonable to decouple the military threat argument from the environmental spending argument. You could argue that China does not have to spend as much as it does. Should China stop threatening a peaceful and democratic Taiwan? Yes, should China be more transparent? Yes. Is it better off spending its money elsewhere? No doubt. But like any other country, it will still want a large modern military regardless of the state of its environment. This desire is a constant. The ultimate question is, how can China’s development be channeled into a non-destructive manner? It’s a problem policy makers across the world are grappling with.
Alarmist tendencies aside, what many see as a viable alternative is to engage and work with China, all the while criticizing it constructively. The US and Japan are already grappling with how to do this. Some suggest becoming an indispensable “partner” in China’s development. This can take different forms. Environmental protection seems a bright-spot in Sino-Japanese relations. Japan is rightly pursuing a policy of marketing its environmental technologies to China, and Japan’s environmental policies have been widely and admiringly reported in the Chinese press. (Separately this is probably a strong industry Japan should be focusing more on,)
Advanced developed countries have reached a stage where the costs of focusing on environmental protection are comparatively less than those for developing countries. As leaders in technology and where most wealth is located, they are de facto better situated to take the lead. In the present it seems inevitable that they will spend more in their search for the solutions to sustainable development. But unlike Dyer’s rather unimaginative prose, this “spending” will take the form of investment, research, soft capital, and ODA.
giancarlo said
Sorry Ampontan, this was my first comment here and I didn’t introduce myself. I’m Giancarlo, Peruvian, living and studying in Japan.
I also have to say I’m sorry for English is not my mother tongue, which makes my comments rather vague. I can’t argue if I can’t find the correct words to explain my thoughts! Everlasting was better at mentioning, without him knowing, what I really wanted to say.
Kyoto Protocol was not my point: the message that refusing to sign it sends to the world was.
I don’t want to label rich and developing countries as “bad”, and poor and undeveloped as “good”, just because. That’s far from what I think. But developed countries got to be like that by first destroying our planet, contaminating our air and raising the temperature of our planet. Of course I don’t know for sure, so I cannot say that they did it on purpose, but in my mind, I wouldn’t be surprised if it were so. Why? Because developing countries seem to care only about their own development rather than for the rest of the world. If not, Kyoto Protocol (and other environmental “friendly” treaties) would have been signed by now.
I don’t think you guys (sorry, I’m generalizing here) are worried about “our planet”: I believe you’re worried because China contaminating “its air” is going to affect you. If the atmosphere respected frontiers, I’m pretty sure developed countries would not be pressing China and India to curb their emissions…
Please, take my comments with a pinch of salt. As an environmental graduate I cannot say that it’s good to contaminate the planet. Of course I want China (and India, and Brazil, and the USA and all other countries here) to reduce emissions of GHGs and other kinds of environmental unfriendly substances, but I wish developed countries would recognize that just asking us, developing countries, to stop harmful emissions without helping us to jump the “contaminating phase of development” (as Everlasting mentioned), its a nonsense. You either help us here, or let us go through the same stages you went.
And I think that’s what Dyer wanted to say.
Once again, sorry if my comments seem harsh. It’s hard for me to argue about politics in English…
Have a nice day!
Ken said
Bill,
Please let me know if you have any info about following site posted in a bulletin board though here may not fit completely.
American Association for the Advancement of Science reported the most polluted sea is Japan Sea and North Sea.
Magnified photograph is excluding China from original one as if Japan is the worst source.
http://sciencenow.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/2008/214/2
http://knb.ecoinformatics.org/GlobalMarine/images/model/model_high_res.jpg
Does this Assoc have any connection with China, which is the worst sorce as next site.
http://www.chosunonline.com/article/20060720000044
ampontan said
Ken: I don’t think so, but I don’t know. Look closely at the color codes, however. The area of sea that is dark red is the worst, and that’s right next to the China coast. If they were connected with China, they wouldn’t do that.
Another dark red area is the Korea Strait between Kyushu and SKorea. I read an article this week about PET bottles floating on shore in Kyushu, and more than 60% are from South Korea.
Ken said
Bill,
Thank you for swift reply.
But it should be said it is intentional that China of main pollution source is excluded from magnified photograph.
“I read an article this week about PET bottles floating on shore in Kyushu, and more than 60% are from South Korea.
Be careful. These bottles are used for hydrichroric acid and sulphuric acid to stain dried laver.
I read an article that Korea banned dumping wastes to Japanese EEZ last week.
By the way, ‘Japanese Waters are more sensational than ‘Japan Sea’ ‘Sea of Japan’ but they do not claim on these matters, don’t they?